3D AC Dynamo
A rectangular coil turns between the poles of a permanent magnet, and the induced EMF is drawn against the rotation angle as it goes. Two slip rings keep each brush permanently on the same end of the coil, so the output reverses every half turn and the trace comes out as a sine curve.
Bu simülasyon nasıl kullanılır
- Drag the angle slider to walk the coil through a full 360° turn by hand
- Raise the speed slider to spin it continuously and watch the trace build
- Switch on Show Tangent to read the slope of the flux curve at any angle
- Orbit the 3D view to see the slip rings keeping each brush on its own ring
Nelere dikkat etmeli
- EMF is zero exactly when the flux is at a maximum, and peaks where the flux crosses zero
- The tangent to the flux curve matches the height of the EMF curve at every angle
- The EMF curve is a sine while the flux curve is a cosine — one quarter cycle apart
- Each slip ring stays with the same coil end, so the output changes sign every half turn
- Doubling the speed doubles the peak EMF and halves the period at the same time
Arkasındaki fizik
The flux linking a coil of N turns and area A at angle θ to the field is Φ = BA cos θ. Rotating at angular speed ω makes θ = ωt, so Faraday's law gives ε = −N dΦ/dt = NBAω sin ωt. The EMF is therefore largest where the flux is changing fastest, not where it is largest: when the coil plane lies parallel to B the flux through it is zero and the sides cut field lines at right angles, giving peak EMF ε₀ = NBAω.