Inside a Conductor — Random Motion to Drift

Electricity and Magnetism Intermediate Free
Inside a Conductor — Random Motion to Drift – Electricity and Magnetism
Inside a Conductor — Random Motion to Drift – Electricity and Magnetism

A closed 3D copper circuit you can look inside. The electrons are already racing at 10^6 m/s and going nowhere — switch the field on and a slow lean appears around the loop on top of the racing. That lean is the current.

electric currentdrift velocityfree electronslatticeconductors3D